List of Tables and Figures
 
Acknowledgments
 
About the Authors
 
Introduction
 
1. Why Paraeducators? What Experience, History, Law, and Research Say!
                              When Did Paraeducators First Become a Part of the American Classroom?
 
 
                              Meet Paraeducators: Ms. O. and Ms. Begay
 
 
                              What Does the Research Say About Paraeducators?
 
 
                              What Are the Current Legislative Mandates Regarding Paraeducators?
 
 
                              What Are the Potential Legal Challenges?
 
 
 
2. Meet the Teams
                              Meet Ms. Hernandez: The Elementary School Paraeducator and Her Team
 
 
                              Meet Ms. Bartolo: The Middle School Paraeducator and Her Team
 
 
                              Meet Mr. Anderson: The Secondary School Paraeducator and His Team
 
 
 
3. Refining Roles and Responsibilities of Paraeducators
                              What Are the Variety of Roles and Responsibilities That Paraeducators Take On When They Work in Inclusive Classrooms?
 
 
                              What Are the Different Roles and Responsibilities for Others, Such as Classroom Teachers, When They Work With Paraeducators in Inclusive Classrooms?
 
 
                              What Is the Paraeducator's Role in the Instructional Cycle?
 
 
                              Gathering Information About Student Characteristics
 
 
                              Addressing Mismatches Between Student Characteristics and Classroom Demands
 
 
                              Ms. Hernandez: Elementary Paraeducator Roles and Responsibilities
 
 
                              Ms. Bartolo: Middle School Paraeducator Roles and Responsibilities
 
 
                              Mr. Anderson: Secondary School Paraeducator Roles and Responsibilities
 
 
 
4. Collaborative Processes: Tips and Strategies
                              Why Is the Collaborative Planning Process So Important?
 
 
                              What Are the Strategies to Make Planning Processes More Efficient?
 
 
                              What Are the Tips for Developing Interpersonal Relationships Among Team Members?
 
 
                              How Are Effective Planning Teams Assessed?
 
 
                              Ms. Hernandez: Elementary Collaborative Planning Scenario
 
 
                              Ms. Bartolo: Middle Level Collaborative Planning Scenario
 
 
                              Mr. Anderson: Secondary School Collaborative Planning Scenario
 
 
 
5. Co-Teaching and Collaborative Approaches
                              What Are the Four Approaches to Co-Teaching That Paraeducators Are Most Likely to Experience When They Help Students in the General Education Classroom?
 
 
                              Complementary Co-Teachers
 
 
                              How Can Paraeducators Be Co-Teachers?
 
 
                              In What Ways Does a Co-Teaching Lesson Plan Format Help to Guide Instruction?
 
 
                              Ms. Hernandez: Elementary Team Co-Teaching and Collaborative Approaches
 
 
                              Supportive, Parallel, and Complementary Co-Teaching in Second-Grade Homeroom Language Arts Time
 
 
                              Supportive, Parallel, and Complementary Co-Teaching in Third-Grade Homeroom Math Time
 
 
                              Ms. Bartolo: Middle School Co-Teaching and Collaborative Planning
 
 
                              Supportive, Parallel, and Complementary Co-Teaching in English Classes
 
 
                              Supportive and Complementary Co-Teaching in Science Class
 
 
                              Parallel Co-Teaching in the Learning Center
 
 
                              Mr. Anderson: Secondary Team Co-Teaching and Collaborative Planning
 
 
                              Adjusting Co-Teaching to Support Student Needs
 
 
                              Supportive and Parallel Co-Teaching in Social Studies
 
 
 
6. Systems Supports for Paraeducators' Success: Professional Development, Supervision, and Logistical Supports
                              What Professional Development Do Paraeducators Need and What Are the Skills Required for Paraeducators?
 
 
                              What Are the Approaches to Professional Development for Paraeducators?
 
 
                              What a Job Analysis Suggests
 
 
                              What Standards of Professional Organizations Suggest
 
 
                              What Should Paraeducators Expect From Teachers in Terms of Supervision and Coaching?
 
 
                              Formal Professional Development
 
 
                              What Are Dimensions of Effective Supervision for Paraeducators?
 
 
                              What Supervision Is and Is Not
 
 
                              Melding Supervision and Professional Development: A Cyclical Model
 
 
                              What Are Logistical Supports? What Logistical Supports Help Paraeducators to Be Welcomed and Supported in Their Jobs?
 
 
                              Ms. Hernandez: Elementary Example of Professionl Development, Supervision, and Logistical Support
 
 
                              Ms. Bartolo: Middle School Paraeducator Example of Professional Development, Supervision, and Logistical Support
 
 
                              Mr. Anderson: Secondary School Paraeducator Example of Professional Development, Supervision, and Logistical Support
 
 
                              Summary and Your Next Steps
 
 
 
7. Paraeducator: Collaborative Members of Inclusive Teams
                              Advice From Paraeducators in Co-Taught Classrooms
 
 
                              What Opinions and Advice Do Paraeducators Offer?
 
 
                              A National Study of Paraeducators in Inclusive Classrooms
 
 
                              Common Issues of Paraeducators in Inclusive Classrooms
 
 
                              Roles of Paraeducators in Inclusive Classrooms
 
 
                              Advice Paraeducators Offer
 
 
                              Advice From Paraeducator Scenarios
 
 
                              Ms. Hernandez: Elementary Scenario
 
 
                              Ms. Bartolo: Middle School Scenario
 
 
                              Mr. Anderson: Secondary School Scenario
 
 
 
Resources
                              A: Co-Teaching Roles and Responsibilities Matrix
 
 
                              B: Gathering Information About Learners and Classroom Demands Template
 
 
                              C: Checklist of Supplementary Supports, Aids, and Services
 
 
                              D: Likes & Dislikes Team Summary
 
 
                              E: Planning Meeting Agenda
 
 
                              F: Are We Really a Collaborative Team?
 
 
                              I: Professional Development Opportunities and Informative Web Sites
 
 
 
Glossary
 
References
 
Index