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Statistics With Humans
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Statistics With Humans



January 2026 | 456 pages | SAGE Publications, Inc
Statistics With Humans teaches depth of understanding and application of foundational concepts in statistics for the social and behavioral sciences. By translating her passion and energy for teaching into the book, author Katie Jacobs makes statistics approachable and understandable for even the most math-phobic student. Drawing on examples from students’ everyday lives and written in a friendly and conversational tone, with eye-catching full-color photos, this book both offers lots of practice opportunities, and speaks to today's students. The book focuses on the application concepts but can also be used by those teaching with SPSS as it includes directions for using SPSS and SPSS walkthrough videos created by the author. This text is also available in Sage Vantage, an easy-to-use learning platform that offers practice problems, end-of-chapter quizzes, author key concept videos, data activities, and other interactive tools to support student learning.
 
Preface
 
About the Authors
 
Chapter 1: May I Make an Introduction? To Statistics, That Is…
A Brief Introduction to Statistics

 
Statistics Is All About Data

 
Descriptive and Inferential Statistics

 
Sampling

 
Measurement

 
Research Methods Fundamentals

 
Basic Research Designs

 
SPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Setting Up SPSS Data Files

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in The Work

 
 
Chapter 2: Measures of Central Tendency: Attraction
An Introduction to Descriptive Statistics

 
Mean

 
Mode

 
Median

 
Calculating Measures of Central Tendency for Data on a Nominal Level of Measurement

 
Calculating Measures of Central Tendency for Data on an Ordinal Level of Measurement

 
Calculating Measures of Central Tendency for Data on a Scale With an Outlier in the Data Set

 
SPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Finding Measures of Central Tendency

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Formulas

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in the Work

 
 
Chapter 3: Measures of Variability: Tree Branches Scattered Across the Sky
A Brief Introduction to Measures of Variability

 
Range

 
Introduction to Mean Absolute Deviation, Variance, and Standard Deviation

 
Mean Absolute Deviation

 
The Population Variance

 
Population Standard Deviation

 
The Unbiased Estimate

 
SPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Finding Measures of Variability

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Formulas

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in The Work

 
 
Chapter 4: Visual Displays and Measures of Distribution: Let’s Lay It All Out
A Brief Introduction to Measures of Distribution

 
Ungrouped Frequency Distribution Tables

 
Cumulative Frequency Distribution Tables

 
Grouped Frequency Distribution Tables

 
Histograms

 
Common Distribution Shapes

 
Skewness

 
Kurtosis

 
SPSS Bonus Content Unlocked

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Formulas

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in The Work

 
 
Chapter 5: The Standard Normal Distribution: Finding Order in the Chaos
A Brief Introduction to Relative Frequency Histograms

 
All About Density Curves

 
Starring the Normal Curve

 
Calculating Standardized Scores

 
Using z-Scores to Identify Outliers

 
Standard Normal Distribution

 
Area Under the Curve

 
SPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Calculating z-Scores

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Formulas

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in the Work

 
 
Chapter 6: Probability and Sampling: It’s More than Sports and Gambling
An Introduction to Probability

 
The Probability of The Union of Events

 
The Probability of The Intersection of Events

 
Sample Spaces

 
The Probability of Binomial Experiments

 
The Probability of Continuous Data

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Formulas

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in the Work

 
 
Chapter 7: Hypothesis Testing and Statistical Significance: Putting It Altogether
A Brief Introduction to the Hypothesis Testing Steps

 
Step 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to Use

 
Step 2: Write the Research and Null Hypotheses

 
Step 3: Check the Assumptions

 
Step 4: Calculate the Test Statistic

 
Step 5: Find the Critical Value(s)

 
Step 6: Make a Decision

 
Step 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up Analyses

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Formulas

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in the Work

 
 
Chapter 8: One-Sample z-Test: Comparing One Sample to the Population
Step 1: Decide Which Statistical Analysis to Use

 
Step 2: Write the Research and Null Hypotheses

 
Step 3: Check the Assumptions

 
Step 4: Calculate the Test Statistic

 
Step 5: Find the Critical Value(s)

 
Step 6: Make a Decision

 
Step 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up Analyses

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Formulas

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in the Work

 
 
Chapter 9: Independent Samples t-Test: Comparing Two Samples Made Up of Different Participants
Step 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to Use

 
Step 2: Write the Research and Null Hypotheses

 
Step 3: Check the Assumptions

 
Step 4: Calculate the Test Statistic

 
Step 5: Find the Critical Value(s)

 
Step 6: Make a Decision

 
Step 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up Analyses

 
SPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Running the Independent Samples t-Test

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Formulas

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in the Work

 
 
Chapter 10: Dependent Samples t-Test
Step 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to Use

 
Step 2: Write the Research and Null Hypotheses

 
Step 3: Check the Assumptions

 
Step 4: Calculate the Test Statistic

 
Step 5: Find the Critical Value(s)

 
Step 6: Make a Decision

 
Step 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up Analyses

 
SPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Running the Dependent Samples t-Test

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Formulas

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in the Work

 
 
Chapter 11: Who is the Biggest Diva? The ANOVA
Step 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to Use

 
Step 2: Write the Research and Null Hypotheses

 
Step 3: Check the Assumptions

 
Step 4: Calculate the Test Statistic

 
Step 5: Find the Critical Values

 
Step 6: Make a Decision

 
Step 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up Analyses

 
SPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Running the One-Way ANOVA

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Formulas

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in the Work

 
 
Chapter 12: Are TikTok and Reading Times Related? The Pearson Product-Moment Correlation
Step 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to Use

 
Step 2: Write the Research and Null Hypotheses

 
Step 3: Check the Assumptions

 
Step 4: Calculate the Test Statistic

 
Step 5: Find the Critical Value(s)

 
Step 6: Make a Decision

 
Step 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up Analyses

 
SPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Running the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Formulas

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in the Work

 
 
Chapter 13: Simple Linear Regression: Does Time on Dating Apps Predict Dating Bitterness?
Introduction to Regression

 
Step 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to Use

 
Step 2: Write the Research and Null Hypotheses

 
Step 3: Check the Assumptions

 
Step 4: Calculate the Test Statistic

 
Step 5: Find the Critical Values

 
Step 6: Make a Decision

 
Step 7: Conduct Relevant Follow-Up Analyses

 
SPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Running Simple Linear Regression

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Formulas

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in the Work

 
 
Chapter 14: Chi-square Goodness-of-Fit test: Are People Terrified by AI More Than You’d Expect?
Introduction to Non-Parametric Analyses

 
Step 1: Determine Which Statistical Analysis to Use

 
Step 2: Write the Research and Null Hypotheses

 
Step 3: Check the Assumptions

 
Step 4: Calculate the Test Statistic

 
Step 5: Find the Critical Value

 
SPSS Bonus Content Unlocked: Running the Chi-Square Goodness-of-Fit Test

 
Summary

 
Symbol Guide

 
Formulas

 
Terms to Know

 
Putting in The Work

 
 
Appendix A: Standard Normal Distribution Table (i.e. z Critical Value Table)
 
Appendix B: Student’s t Distribution Table (t_CV Table)
 
Appendix C: F Distribution Table (F_CV Table)
 
Appendix D: Studentized Range q Table
 
Appendix E: Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Critical Value Table (r_CV Table)
 
Appendix F: Chi-Square Critical Value Table (??^2?_CV Table)

An excellent text for any undergraduate research methods and statistics course in the social sciences. This text provides precise methodology, thorough analysis and concise explanation of both descriptive and inferential statistics in an easy to read format.

John Gulledge
Dalton State College

Jacobs does a great job explaining statistics in an easy to understand conversational manner. I strongly recommend this book.

Amanda Harmon
Charleston Southern University

An original text with detailed quality information, step-by-step procedures, and visually rich examples for statistics students!

Nicole Hamilton
Walden University

This is an in-depth look at the assumptions, calculations, and examples of different statistical tests. After reading, students will gain insight into why and how to use these to explore various research questions.

Sara L. Bagley
Lindenwood University

The deep examples and explanations are great ways to increase the understanding of the material.

George S. Robinson
North Carolina A&T State University

Jacobs approaches statistics from a student-centered perspective. It is clear in the language used, examples given, and general
approach that she is passionate about statistics and wants to share that with her students!

Megan Raddatz
College of William and Mary

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